Reverse Large Well Method-Based Identification of Dewatering Parameters and Correction of Water Inflow for Deep Excavations in Highly Permeable Sandy Gravel Strata
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Abstract
Deep excavation dewatering in highly permeable sandy gravel strata faces two major challenges: distorted parameter estimation and inaccurate prediction of water inflow. This study investigates four representative deep excavation projects in Shenyang --Zhonghai Huanyu Foundation Pit, Xinlipu Bridge Subway Station, Shenyang University Subway Station, and Chang’an Bridge South Subway Station. An intelligent dewatering monitoring system was introduced to obtain high-frequency groundwater level and flow rate data. A quasi-steady-state identification method based on a sliding time window was developed, and a segmented hydraulic conductivity inversion model was established using the reverse large well method. The results reveal significant vertical heterogeneity in the stratigraphy at all four sites, with hydraulic conductivity in the middle and lower layers generally higher than that in the upper layers. The overall weighted hydraulic conductivity values are 79.44, 115.01, 87.02, and 114.21 m/d, respectively. The hydraulic conductivity values suggested by site investigations were generally overestimated, with an average correction factor αk of 0.9034, recommended as 0.90. Water inflow calculated by the conventional large well method was generally overestimated, with an average correction factor βQ of 0.641, recommended as 0.65. A three-dimensional transient seepage model established using GMS-MODFLOW achieved coefficients of determination greater than 0.90 for simulating the water level variation processes at four observation wells. The inverted parameters and analytical calculations show high consistency in both magnitude and vertical variation patterns. The proposed technical framework--”field monitoring inversion→parameter correction→numerical validation”--provides a reliable methodological support and engineering reference for dewatering design in deep excavations within highly permeable sandy gravel strata.
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