Research on Intelligent Construction and Dynamic Optimization of Higher Vocational Education Curriculum Systems Based on Transformers and Knowledge Graphs
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Abstract
With the digital transformation of vocational education and the upgrading of industrial demands, the curriculum system of higher vocational education faces core challenges such as lagging industrial alignment, loose knowledge coherence, and insufficient dynamic adjustment. This misalignment is particularly evident in technical fields serving advanced engineering sectors, such as antenna engineering, electromagnetic wave applications, communication equipment manufacturing, and intelligent electronic systems, where graduates are required to master interdisciplinary knowledge and practical engineering skills. To achieve precise alignment between curriculum systems and job requirements, systematic integration of knowledge structures, and dynamic optimization throughout the curriculum lifecycle, this paper proposes an intelligent construction and dynamic optimization method for higher vocational education curricula based on Transformers and knowledge graphs. First, a four-layer knowledge graph linking industry, job, competency, and curriculum is constructed to integrate industrial demands, job standards, and course resources through semantic association. Second, a competency-to-course matching module based on the Transformer model is developed to capture fine-grained correlations between competency requirements and course content through bidirectional attention mechanisms. Third, a multi-objective optimization algorithm is proposed to coordinate the curriculum system’s credit structure, prerequisite relationships, and industrial alignment. Finally, a dynamic adjustment mechanism is established to enable real-time iteration of the curriculum system based on evolving industrial demands and learning effectiveness feedback. This mechanism helps maintain curriculum relevance in rapidly developing engineering fields, especially those related to electromagnetic wave propagation, antenna systems, and communication technology.
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