Design Theory of Equal Split Dual- Band Power Divider without Reactive Elements
Main Article Content
Abstract
In this paper, a design approach for getting dual-band working in a Wilkinson-based power divider (WPD) without adding any reactive elements or open- or short-circuited stubs is presented. The transfer matrix approach is used to get the analytical solutions of the required design equations. Admittance representation with respect to the input and output ports is done to perform even-odd mode analysis. In this impedance of each section is kept constant but the electrical length varies. Different combinations of electrical lengths are taken such that the overall length remains constant. The electrical lengths are selected based on dual-band analysis and depend on the tuning ratio. The conditions for attaining the impedance matching are applied to the obtained design equations and hence found out the values of the matching resistors to be placed between the transmission line sections. The proposed power divider centered at 2.5GHz and 7GHz is theoretically calculated simulated and fabricated. Finally, design procedures and experiments show good agreement with theoretical simulation.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
References
Ernest J Wilkinson. An n-way hybrid power divider. IRE Transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 8(1):116-118, 1960.
David M Pozar. Microwave engineering. John wiley & sons, 2011.
Xiaolong Wang, Zhewang Ma, and Masataka Ohira. Theory and experiment of two-section two-resistor wilkinson power divider with two arbitrary frequency bands. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 66(3):1291-1300, 2017.
Tadashi Kawai, Yasuaki Nakashima, Yoshihiro Kokubo, and Isao Ohta. Dual-band wilkinson power dividers using a series rlc circuit. IEICE transactions on electronics, 91(11):1793-1797, 2008.
Xiaolong Wang and Iwata Sakagami. Generalized, dual-band wilkinson power divider with parallel l, c and r components. IEICE Technical Report; IEICE Tech. Rep., 113(460):53-58, 2014.
RR Sushmeetha and S Natarajamani. Compact tunable dualband bpf using edge-open srr for x-band applications. In 2018 ICACCI, pages 1624-1626. IEEE, 2018.
Yi-Hsin Pang and Zhong-He Li. Dual-band bandpass wilkinson power divider of controllable bandwidths. Electronics Letters, 52(7):537-539, 2016.
Rekha G Nair and S Natarajamani. Design of ms multiband resonator power divider. In 2021 ICICV, pages 656-660. IEEE, 2021.
Mohammad A Maktoomi, Rahul Gupta, and Mohammad S Hashmi. A dual-band impedance transformer for frequency-dependent complex loads incorporating an l-type network. In 2015 AP Microwave Conference, volume 1, pages 1-3. IEEE, 2015.
Tso-Jung Chang, Yi-Fan Tsao, Ting-Jui Huang, and Heng-Tung Hsu. Bandwidth improvement of conventional dual-band power divider using physical port separation structure. Electronics, 9(12):2192, 2020.
Cong Wang, Bingfang Xie, Yuchen Wei, Danqing Zou, Huan Zhou, Zhongliang Zhou, Xiaofeng Gu, He Yu, Qun Wu, and Fuxing Liu. Design method of dualband wilkinson power divider with designable length and high design freedom. AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 132:153636, 2021.
M. V. Amrutha and B. Sabarish Narayanan. Low profile patch antenna on cement substrate for indoor applications. In 2017 International Conference on Wireless 82 VOL. 11, NO. 3, SEPTEMBER 2022 Natarajamani S et al. Communications, Signal Processing and Networking (WiSPNET), pages 2508-2511, 2017.
Zihui Zhu, Zhongbao Wang, Jian Ma, Hongmei Liu, and Shaojun Fang. Dual-band balanced-to-unbalanced power divider with independent power division ratios. IEEE Access, 8:192659-192668, 2020.
Xiao Jia, Shao-Jun Fang, Hongmei Liu, and Zhongbao Wang. Compact dual-band wilkinson power divider terminated with frequency-dependent complex impedances. Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, 91:85-91, 01 2020.
B Naveen Reddy and V Mekaladevi. Broadband circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna with fractal defected ground structure. In International Conference on Communication, Computing and Electronics Systems, pages 717-724. Springer, 2020.
Fu-Xing Liu and Jong-Chul Lee. Design of new dualband wilkinson power dividers with simple structure and wide isolation. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 67(9):3628-3635, 2019.
Heba Jaradat, Nihad Dib, and Khair Al Shamaileh. Miniaturized dual-band cpw wilkinson power divider using t-network adopting series stubs with a high frequency ratio. AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 107:32-38, 2019.
Chatrpol Pakasiri and Sen Wang. Dual-band compact wilkinson power divider using common inductor and complex load. IEEE Access, 8:97189-97195, 2020.
R Gupta, Bekarys Gabdrakhimov, A. Dabarov, Galymzhan Nauryzbayev, and M.S. Hashmi. Development and thorough investigation of d.band wpd for arbitrary impedance environment. IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society, 2:401-409, 2021.