Design of Complementary Hexagonal Metamaterial Based HMSIW Band-Pass Filter and Reconfigurable SIW Filter Using PIN Diodes
Main Article Content
Abstract
This paper is divided into two sections, in the first section, a new SIW and a half-mode SIW band-pass filters based on complementary hexagonal metamaterial cells (C-HMCs) are proposed. Firstly, the SIW is analyzed in case of using two C-HMC cells and in the case of using four of these cells. Secondly, the HMSIW tunable BPF is studied and optimized. The size of the half mode is reduced by almost 50%. This filter design has a very high insertion loss about -0.4 dB, and significant transmission bandwidth extending from 5.9 GHz to 6.5 GHz. In the second section of this paper, an electronically reconfigurable SIW band-pass filter is proposed. By implementing two PIN diodes in the gaps of the two C-HMC, the results of turning the diodes ON or OFF individually is a switching in the frequency center, between 5.8 GHz and 6.8 GHz. Also, a dual band with two frequency centers at (5.6 GHz and 7.4 GHz) is achieved by turning both of the diodes ON. In addition, the metamaterial properties of all the proposed filters are investigated and presented in this work.
Downloads
Article Details
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
References
Fgh Q. Y. Xiang, Q. Y. Feng, X. G. Huang, and D. H. Jia, "Electrical tunable microstrip LC bandpass filters with constant bandwidth," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech, vol. 61, pp. 1124- 1130, 2013.
P. W. Wong and I. C. Hunter, "Electronically reconfigurable microwave bandpass filter," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech, vol. 57, pp. 3070-3079, 2009.
F. Xu, K. Wu, "Guided-Wave and Leakage Characteristics of Substrate Integrated Waveguide," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 53, 66-73, 2005.
Y. Dong, T. Itoh, "Miniaturized substrate integrated waveguide slot antennas based on negative order resonance," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 58, 3856-3864, 2010.
MA. Rabah, M. Abri, HA. Badaoui, J. Tao, T. H. Vuong, "Compact miniaturized half-mode waveguide/high pass-filter design based on SIW technology screens transmit-IEEE C-band signals," Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 58: 414-418, 2016.
Deslandes D, Wu K. "Substrate integrated waveguide dual-mode filters for broadband wireless systems" [M]. 2003.
Tsai, H.-J., B.-C. Huang, et al., "A reconfigurable bandpass filter based on varactor-perturbed, T-shaped dual-mode resonator," IEEE MWCL, Vol. 24, No. 5, 297-299, 2014.
Jing-Pan Song, Xin-Yi Wang, Feng Wei and Xiao-Wei Shi "Electronically Reconfigurable Varactor-Loaded HMSIW Bandpass Filter" Frequenz; aop, 2017.
Boutejdar, A., "Design of 5GHz-compact reconfigurable DGS-bandpass filter using varactor-diode device and coupling matrix technique," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 58, No. 2, 2016
B. Belkadi, Z. Mahdjoub, M. L. Seddiki and M. Nedil "A selective frequency reconfigurable bandstop metamaterial filter for WLAN Applications," Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences, vol. 26, pp 2976 - 2985, 2018.
Han, Z., K. Kohno, et al., "Tunable terahertz filter and modulator based on electrostatic MEMS reconfigurable, SRR array," IEEE J. of Selec. Top. in Quan. Electron, Vol. 21, No. 4, 114-122, 2015.
V. Sekar, M. Armendariz, and K. Entesari, "A 1.2-1.6 GHz substrate-integrated-waveguide RF MEMS tunable filter," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech, vol. 59, pp. 866-876, 2011.
R. L. Wang, J. F. Wang, et al., "Dual-band suspended stripline filter based on metamaterials," 2017 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium (ACES), IEEE, 1-2, 2017.
Boubakar, H., Abri, M., & Benaissa, M., "Electronically Switchable SIW Band-Pass Filter Based on S-CSRR Using PIN Diodes for WI-FI Applications," In International Conference in Artificial Intelligence in Renewable Energetic Systems, Springer, Cham. pp. 738746, 2020.
AK. Horestani, Z. Shaterian, J. Naqui, F. Martín, C. Fumeaux, "Reconfigurable and tunable S-shaped split-ring resonators and application in band-notched UWB antennas," IEEE T Antenn Propag, 64: 3766-3776, 2016.
Fu S H, Tong C M. "A novel CSRR˜ based defected ground structure with dual˜ba ndgap characteristics[J]. Microwave & Optical Technology Letters," 51(12):2908-2910, 2010.
Dong, Y. D., Yang, T., & Itoh, T. Substrate integrated waveguide loaded by complementary split-ring resonators and its applications to miniaturized waveguide filters. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 57(9), 2211-2223,2009.
Saktioto, T., R. F. Syahputra, et al., "GHz frequency filtering source using hexagonal metamaterial splitting ring resonators," MOTL, Vol. 59, No. 6, 1337 1340, 2017.
Khelil Fertas, Farid Ghanem, Mouloud Challal, and Rabia Aksas "Design and Development of Compact Reconfigurable Tri-Stopband Bandstop Filter Using Hexagonal Metamaterial Cells for Wireless Applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 80, 93-102, 2019.
MA. Rabah, M. Abri, J. Tao, T. Vuong. "Substrate integrated waveguide design using the two-dimensional finite element method," Prog Electromagn Res M, 35:21-30, 2014.
A. Noura, M. Benaissa, M. Abri, H. Badaoui, T. H. Vuong, J. Tao, "Miniaturized half-mode SIW band-pass filter design integrating dumbbell DGS cells," Microw Opt Technol Lett, 1-5, 2019.
A. N. Vicente, G. M. Dip and C. Junqueira, "The step by step development of NRW method," in IEEE International Microwave Conference. (IMOC), pp. 738742, 2011.
W. B. Weir, "Automatic measurement of complex dielectric constant and permeability at microwave frequencies," in Proc. of the IEEE, vol. 62, pp. 33-36, 1974.
D. R. Smith, S. Schultz, P. Markoš and C. M. Soukoulis, "Determination of effective permittivity and permeability of metamaterials from reflection and transmission coefficients," in phys Rev B, vol. 65, pp. 195104, 2002.
Garver RV. Microwave Diode Control Devices. Artech House, 1977.
M. Watertown, "The pin diode circuit designers' handbook," Microsemi corporation, Santa-Ana: California, Jul. 1992.
Sam WY, Zakaria Zahriladhabin. "Design of reconfigurable integrated substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) filter and antenna using multilayer approach," Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng, e21561, 2018.
H. Yue, X. Zhang, F. Wei, J. Song, X. Shi "A Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide Reconfigurable Bandpass Filter Based on S CSRR,"10.1109/ICMMT, 8563751,1-3, 2018.
Q.-Y. Xiang, Q.-Y. Feng, X.-G. Huang & D.-H. Jia "Substrate integrated waveguide filters and mechanical/ electrical reconfigurable half-mode substrate integrated waveguide filters," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, 26:13, 1756-1766, 2012.
www.cst.com CST Microwave studio, Computer Simulation Technologyc, Framingham, MA.
High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS v13), Ansoft Corp.